Mount Rushmore is one of the most iconic landmarks in the United States, attracting millions of visitors each year. While many people know about the four presidents depicted on the mountain, there are numerous intriguing facts and stories about this monumental structure that are often overlooked. Here are some things you didn’t know about Mount Rushmore.
1. The Concept Was Different Initially
When sculptor Gutzon Borglum first proposed the idea of Mount Rushmore, the monument was intended to depict Western heroes. However, the vision shifted to honor four presidents: George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln, and Theodore Roosevelt, symbolizing the nation’s birth, expansion, preservation, and unification.
2. Borglum’s Vision Extended Beyond the Faces
Borglum originally planned to carve the presidents’ full bodies into the mountain. The unfinished portion of the monument was to include a hall of records that would house important documents and artifacts related to American history. Though this hall was never completed, its design showcases Borglum's ambition.
3. The Construction Was a Family Affair
Gutzon Borglum’s son, Lincoln Borglum, played a crucial role in the construction of Mount Rushmore. He worked alongside his father and eventually took over the finishing of the monument after Gutzon’s death in 1941. The involvement of the Borglum family highlights the personal dedication and hard work that went into the project.
4. Over 400 Workers Were Involved
More than 400 workers, including many miners and stone carvers, contributed to the project. They used a combination of dynamite and hand tools to shape the monument. Approximately 90% of the rock was removed using dynamite, which allowed for significant progress in a short timeframe.
5. Costly Yet Significant
The original budget for Mount Rushmore was $250,000, but the total cost eventually reached about $1 million, which was a considerable sum in the 1940s. The funding came from a mix of federal and state contributions, as well as private donations, demonstrating the project’s importance to the nation and its history.
6. A Monument Amidst Controversy
While Mount Rushmore is celebrated as an American landmark, it is also a site of controversy. The monument is carved into the sacred Black Hills, which hold significant spiritual meaning for the Lakota Sioux tribe. The construction of the monument has ignited discussions about land rights and the treatment of Indigenous peoples in America.
7. It Took 14 Years to Complete
Construction of Mount Rushmore started in 1927 and continued until 1941, when detail work was halted due to World War II and the death of Gutzon Borglum. Despite delays and challenges, the project has become a national treasure and a lasting tribute to American history.
8. It’s More Than Just a Monument
Mount Rushmore is not only celebrated for its impressive artistry but also for the surrounding natural beauty of the Black Hills. Visitors can explore hiking trails, scenic drives, and educational programs at the site, which provide insights into the monument’s history and the local landscape.
9. Lighting Up the Presidents
During evenings, visitors have the opportunity to witness a stunning lighting ceremony at Mount Rushmore. The monument is illuminated against the night sky, creating a beautiful backdrop and offering a unique perspective on the faces of the four presidents.
10. A Site of Reflection and Pride
For many, Mount Rushmore represents not just American history but also ideals of freedom and democracy. It serves as a reminder of the sacrifices made throughout history and the ongoing pursuit of greatness. Visitors often leave with a deep sense of reflection on the nation’s past and future.
Whether you’re planning a visit or simply curious about this remarkable American landmark, these lesser-known facts about Mount Rushmore add depth to your understanding of its significance. The monument continues to fascinate, inviting exploration and contemplation for generations to come.